#Composition of antibody versus protein scaffold series#
In a series of immunogens that all use the same nanoparticle scaffold but display four different antigens, only HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is subdominant to the scaffold. We report that dampening anti-scaffold responses by physical masking does not enhance antigen-specific antibody responses. Here we define relationships between anti-scaffold and antigen-specific antibody responses elicited by protein nanoparticle immunogens. Yet the rules for how immune responses specific to nanoparticle scaffolds affect the immunogenicity of displayed antigens have not been established. Electronic address: nanoparticle scaffolds are increasingly used in next-generation vaccine designs, and several have established records of clinical safety and efficacy. 9 Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.8 Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.7 Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.6 Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.5 Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.4 Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.2 Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.1 Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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